Listeriolysin-O,LLO,hlyA.
ListeriolysinO(akaLLO)isahemolysinproducedbyListeriamonocytogenesbacteria,thepathogenrespons
IBLeforcausinglisteriosis.Thetoxinmayberegardedasavirulencefactor,sinceitiscrucialforthevirulenceofL.monocytogenes.LLOisasinglepolypeptideproteinencodedbythehlyAgeneandcomposedof529residues.LLOisathiol-activatedcholesterol-dependentporeformingtoxinprotein;therefore,itisactivatedbyreducingagentsandinhibitedbyoxidizingagents.Still,LLOdiffersfromotherthiol-activatedtoxins,asitscytolyticactivityismaximizedatapHof5.5.Insidetheacidicphagosomes(averagepH~5.9)ofcellsthathavephagocytosedL.monocytogenes,LLOisselectivelyactivatedbymaximizingactivityatapHof5.5.FollowingthephagosomelysisbyLLO,thebacteriumbreaksoutintothecytosol,whereitisabletogrowintracellularly,andthetoxinhasreducedactivityinthemorebasiccytosol.Thus,LLOpermitsL.monocytogenestobreakoutfromthephagosomesintothecytosolwithoutharmingtheplasmamembraneoftheinfectedcell,whichallowsthebacteriatoliveintracellularly,wheretheyareshelteredfromextracellularimmunesystemfactorssuchasthecomplementsystemandantibodies.LLOalsobringsaboutdephosphorylationofhistoneH3anddeacetylationofhistoneH4intheearlyphasesofinfection,beforeentryofL.monocytogenesintothehostcell.Thepore-formingactivityisnotimplicatedincausingthehistonemodifications.Themodificationsofthehistonesaffectthedownregulationofgenesencodingproteinsinvolvedintheinflammatoryresponse.Therefore,LLOmaybesignificantinsubvertingthehostimmuneresponsetoL.monocytogenes.AtitsNH2-terminusitpossessesa25residueslongtypicalsignalsequenceexcitedduringthesecretionprocess.Moreover,initsNH2-terminusthereisalsoa19aminoacidsPEST-likesequencethatmaytargetthistoxinfordegradation.ThePEST-likesequencefoundinLLOandisconsideredcrucialforvirulence,giventhatmutantslackingthesequencelysedthehostcell.Nevertheless,contrarytoPEST"ssupposedroleinproteindegradation,evidenceimpliesthatthePEST-likesequencemaycontrolLLOproductioninthecytosolratherthanincreasedegradationofLLO.
RecombinantListeriolysinOlackingboththesignalsecretionsequenceandthePEST-likesequence.LLO-PESTminusiscomposedof471aminoacids,startingfromaminoacid60toaminoacid529,withtheadditionofamethionineinitsNH2-terminus.
EscherichiaColi.
SterileFilteredclearsolution.
Theproteincontains50mMNaH2PO4,1mMEDTA,2.7mMKCl,1mMDTT,5%glyceroland0.5MNaCl.
Storeat4°Cifentirevialwillbeusedwithin2-4weeks.Store,frozenat-20°Cforlongerperiodsoftime.
Avoidmultiplefreeze-thawcycles.
Greaterthan90.0%asdeterminedbySDS-PAGE.
7x104 HU/mg.2mMDTTcouldbeusetoreactivatethetoxin.
a.Cytosolicdeliveryofmolecules,peptides,oligonucleodidesandplasmidDNA(4).
b.Productionofspecificmonoclonalantibodies(5).
c.Detectionofanti-listeriolysinOantibodies(6).
Prospec"sproductsarefurnishedforLABORATORYRESEARCHUSEONLY.Theproductmaynotbeusedasdrugs,agriculturalorpesticidalproducts,foodadditivesorhouseholdchemicals.